Spiro Mounds "Big Boy" pipe from Oklahoma.
"BIG BOY" SPIRO MOUNDS PIPE, ABSTRACT IMAGE
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 COPYRIGHT  PETER A. BOSTROM
 

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420 8-13-18 UPDATE NOTE: I’m still here-----The old computer software became non-supported during the last three years. That’s why there hasn’t been any new articles. So, I’ve begun the daunting task of rebuilding this 18-year-old and 1600 file web site. A computer science professor and a computer engineer are working to bring it back to life. Changes to the hardware, software, transforming HTM code to HTML code, and relearning all new software will take some time. I can’t say for sure when, (or even if) all the items on this list will be completed, but we’ll see.” “Yup, that’s me somewhere in Vietnam in 1968.” Pete Bostrom

419 5-31-15 NOTE: "I hope to get back to writing more articles sometime later this year. My current "extra" job of executor of the family estate will take a lot of time (Pete Bostrom)." This picture shows some "personified" Aztec bifaces from the Great Temple in Mexico City.

418 5-31-15 DOUBLE-NOTCHED CAHOKIA "GEM" POINT, (Cast), This Cahokia point was found by Perry Parker in 1939. It’s believed to be one of the finest examples of a double-notched Cahokia “gem” point ever found.

417 2-28-15 2 MAMMOTH PETROGLYPHS IN UTAH, Two mammoth petroglyphs located on a site in southeastern Utah. They were discovered within a group of other petroglyphs that are believed to date sometime between the Pleistocene and Holocene periods approximately 13,300 to 12,500 years ago.
416 1-31-15 A NOTE FOR JANUARY: Due to an extra large demand for casts and, the passing of mom, I haven't had time to post a monthly article. The picture at right (click for short article) shows my brother Bob Bostrom, who discovered the Bostrom site, and two Clovis points that were found by me (Pete Bostrom) on the site.
415 12-31-14 JUST A NOTE FOR DECEMBER: I'm happy to report that all orders for Christmas were shipped on time. The only problem is there were to many to post a monthly article. We'll see what January brings. (The image at right is a picture of me and a favorite old film camera) Pete Bostrom
414 11-18-14 Just a note: and a couple of pictures to show one of the projects I've been working on these last two months. Other projects involved resurfacing work tables, replacing ceiling tiles, re-shelving hundreds of books and lots of cleaning and reorganizing.
413 11-18-14 NEW BOOK, "MASTERPIECES OF MODERN LITHIC ART," This hard cover book is considered the best publication to date for this type of art. It illustrates some of the most skillfully crafted flint knapped art that has been made in recent years.
412 8-31-14 THE STONE SPHERES OF COSTA RICA, Found in association with ceramic material that dates to sometime between A.D. 400 and A.D. 800. Stone (1943) reported fourteen stone balls associated with one mound. Referred to as stone spheres, stone balls, petro-spheres, and locally as los bolas.
411 8-31-14 NORTHERN SIDE-NOTCHED POINT (Cast), Represents one of a group of points that are assigned to the northern side-notched cluster. Northern side-notched points date to between 8,000 & 6,000 years ago. Found on DeMoss burial site in Idaho.
410 7-31-14 GEORGE EKLUND, "THE ROCK MONSTER," He began making points in 1963. George is known for his ability to finish points quickly. In fact, some flintknappers call him "the rock monster" because he "devours rock" so quickly. George is credited, by some, as the inventor of copper billets.
409 7-31-14 SPIDER ECCENTRIC, MAYAN CULTURE (Cast), Spider images have been around for a long time. They have been connected to powerful myths around the world for thousands of years. This Mayan eccentric obviously represents a spider.
408 6-30-14 LOWE & SAWMILL POINTS, BELIZE, Five points, of 12 illustrated, were published by Kelly in, "Preceramic Projectile Point Typology In Belize." Lowe points are dated to the Late Archaic between 4,500 to 3,900 years before present. Sawmill points most striking feature is edge sharpening with fine parallel oblique pressure flaking.
407 6-30-14 LOWE "TYPE" POINT (Cast), Named after the Lowe Ranch in northern Belize. The stems are thinned from the base in a way that Kelly (1993) described as "flake scars that are indistinguishable from flute scars." Edges are beveled, sometimes with parallel oblique flaking. They also have sharply defined, massive and widely angled barbs.
406 5-31-14 GRINDING STONES WORLDWIDE, The use of grinding stones, to process food, predates the development of farming. Plant starch residue has been identified on grinding stones that date to as early as 30,000 years ago. Old taboos and Folkloric beliefs, concerning grinding stones, are still respected in some areas.
405 5-31-14 FLUTED POINT CHANNEL FLAKE REFIT (CASTS), Broken fluted point base of a fluted point and a channel flake that fits onto one of the flute flake scars. Excavated from the Sugarloaf site in South Deerfield, MA.
404 3-30-14 PREHISTORIC OWL IMAGERY & MYTH, Owl imagery has a long history, as early as 35,000 years ago. People have been creating images and mythic stories about owls for tens of thousands of years. They have been portrayed in every imaginable form.
403 4-30-14 STRIKING PLATFORM (Cast), Ancient knappers at the Sugarloaf encampment carefully set up striking platforms for fluting. Platforms were isolated by removing two, parallel “guide” flakes – a practice that has long been referred to as the “Enterline technique.”
402 3-31-14 THE TIDE-LOCK CHOPPER CORE AND KERRVILLE KNIVES,  Known as the Tide-Lock chopper-core. It was discovered in Virginia and identified, with considerable effort, as a Lower Paleolithic tool from Europe. Another unique artifact form, that also has an outer cortex grip handle, are Kerrville knives from central Texas.
401 3-31-14 FLUTED POINT PREFORM (Cast), Despite the care an ancient knapper took to create a striking platform, a long channel flake was not produced and the artifact collapsed near the tip leaving a short compression fracture (hinge) on either side of the snap.
400 2-28-14 LATE STONE AGE AXES & STYLE VARIATION, Illustrated examples show how similar axes are in basic form and function, with a cutting edge on one end and a hafting element on the other. But they also illustrate how variable the design of stone axes have been.
399 2-28-14 EASTERN STYLE FLUTED POINT (Cast), Found in Sept., 2013 during the excavation of the Sugarloaf site in South Deerfield, MA. This projectile point may have been intended for use against caribou.
398 1-31-14 INSECT ICONOGRAPHY, Different types of insects have been represented in stone, shell and wood for at least 15,000 years. Their level of importance varies widely from minor themes in myths, tales and folklore to great and powerful gods.
397 1-31-14 EASTERN STYLE FLUTED POINT (Cast), Found in Sept., 2013 during the excavation of the Sugarloaf site in South Deerfield, MA. It was broken during manufacture and it has a very unique break pattern in the form of a reverse channel flake struck from the break edge.
396 12-31-13 NORTHWEST COAST STONE CLUBS, Estimated dates range from 500 B.C. to European contact. Earliest evidence for use found on the bones of Period II burials that show forearm fractures called parry fractures and skull depression fractures.
395 12-31-13 FLUTED POINT (Cast), This Cumberland-type fluted point was the first of six fluted points recovered from the complex of caves located on lookout Mountain in Orange County, New York. This is the first fluted point reported from a northeastern cave or rockshelter.
394 11-30-13 AXE GOD PENDANTS, They were produced in Costa Rica for more than a thousand years. Most were made from jadeite, the hardest form of jade. Owners of axe gods were members of wealthy and powerful families. Oldest worked jade in Costa Rica is an axe god.
393 11-30-13 EDEN POINT (Cast), A skillfully pressure flaked Eden point from the Finley site. This point was broken from a bend-brake type of fracture. The Findley site is recorded as the type site for Eden points.
392 10-31-13 COOKING STONES, The earliest use of cooking stones are reported from Europe and Japan as early as 32,000 years ago. The term "carbohydrate revolution" in North America is used in reference to a major diet change during the Archaic period  when people began eating a diet of insulin-rich root foods.
391 10-31-13 GOSHEN POINT (Cast), A Goshen point found in the bone bed on the Mill Iron site. May be made of Hartville chert.
390 9-31-13 GHOSTS AND FLINTKNAPPING, Ghosts and flintknapping do cross paths in art, collecting and cultural drama. The most extreme examples are stone tools used in self-mutilation mourning rituals. At the other end of the spectrum, are examples of Dan Theus' flintknapping art, "gray ghosts," and "ghost points."
389 9-31-13 GOSHEN POINT (Cast), This Goshen point is one of the more skillfully made points from the Mill Iron site. Both sides have fairly uniform parallel pressure flaking. Basal thinning was accomplished with the removal of several pressure flakes on both sides.
388 8-31-13 CEREMONIAL METATES FROM COSTA RICA, Ceremonial metates were high status ritual objects that are found exclusively in elite burials. In mythology, metates are connected to life through their association with maize (corn).
387 8-31-13 CASCADE POINT (Cast), This Cascade point was found on the Demoss burial site in west central Idaho in 1985. Dates to 6,000 years ago. A minimum of 236 Cascade points, side-notched points, and bifaces were found along with the bones of at least 60 individuals.
386 7-31-13 MACE HEADS FROM COAST RICA, Costa Rican maces are known for their finely crafted images of animals, plants, geometric and god forms. They are found in the tombs of the wealthy. Many date  from A.D. 300 to 500 but were used up to the Spanish conquest.
385 7-31-13 BUTTERFLY CRESCENT (Cast), This crescent was found in May of 2002 during an archaeological survey on the US Army Dugway Proving Ground in Tooele County, Utah. It was found within a geological formation known as The Old River Bed.
384 6-30-13 RESIN HAFTED ABORIGINAL LEILIRA KNIVES, They were manufactured and traded in the central and northern regions of Australia. They were made from core struck macroblades & used for ritual & utilitarian purposes for a thousand years.
383 6-30-13 HASKETT POINT (Cast), This point is unique for the fact that it was tested for protein residue and was found to react positively to elephant antisera (blood serum), that is presumably mammoth or mastodon. This is an early form of western stemmed point that appears to date sometime prior to about 12,000 calibrated years before present.
382 5-31-13 ANIMAL EFFIGY ART BY DON WILCOX, Don Wilcox has probably made as many or more "quality" animal forms than any other modern knapper. They illustrate excellent craftsmanship and a good eye for art.
381 5-31-13 HASKETT POINT (Cast), This is the largest Haskett point ever documented archaeologically. Discovered during an archaeological survey in the Great Salt Lake Desert in western Utah. Early form of western stemmed point, appears to date sometime prior to about 12,000 calibrated years before present based on its context.
380 4-30-13 MAORI CULTURE STONE FIGHTING "CLUBS," Recognized as the best Maori stone-work ever produced. They were close-quarter fighting weapons that were handed down from generation to generation.  Not designed as true clubs but as thrusting weapons. In a ritual sense, some were containers for ancestral energy.
379 4-30-13 SIDE-NOTCHED POINT (Cast),  This Archaic side-notched point was found during excavation at Wallace Ruin by Bruce Bradley. This side-notched point is believed to date sometime between 2000 B.C. to 1 B.C.
378 3-31-13 CANAANEAN SICKLE BLADES, Early descriptions of Canaanean blades refer to them as "ribbon knives." The name is a reflection of their long, straight and uniform lines. Canaanean core technology produced the highest quality blades in the southern Levant.
377 3-31-13 SICKLE BLADE SEGMENT (Cast), This sickle blade segment is identified as a product of Canaanean prismatic blade technology from the southern Levant. Sickle sheen along one serrated edge indicates that it was once used to cut some type of plant fibers.
376 2-28-13 PROJECTILE POINT IMPACT FRACTURES, Impact experimental studies have shown that projectile points have a high failure rate with nearly half or more breaking with their first use. The earliest discovery of projectile point impact damage was found on spear points on a site in the Kalahari Desert in South Africa called Kanthu Pan 1.
375 2-28-13 FOLSOM POINT (Cast), This Folsom point was found on the Ready-Lincoln Hills site. This site is the largest Early Paleo-Indian camp and stone tool manufacturing site in an area near the confluence of the Mississippi, Missouri and Illinois Rivers.
374 1-31-13 COLOSSAL HEADS OF THE OLMEC, They are the most recognizable symbol of the Olmec civilization. The colossal heads weigh from 6 to 40 tons and range in size from 4.82 to 11.15 feet high and were transported as far as 93 miles. They are believed to be individualized portraits of important rulers. No metal tools were used to make them.
373 1-31-13 EDEN POINT (Cast), This is the only type II point that was found during the excavation of the Horner site and it's been identified as an Eden style. The Horner site is the representative type site of the Cody Cultural Complex.
372 12-31-12 MARQUETTE'S PIASA "MONSTER," Piasa images are described as belonging to a super-theme of different animal combinations. Engravings from Spiro illustrate some of these underworld creatures. The Alton Piasa is the first pictograph to be discovered in the region in 1673 by Pere Marquette.
371 12-31-12 GOSHEN POINT, This Goshen point is described by Frison and Bradley as a point that, "is different in shape from the rest of the points (that were found on the Mill iron site). Originally, this point may have been larger and a new base was applied after it was broken so it could be used again.
370 11-30-12 ORGANIC PROJECTILE POINTS, Primitive projectile points were made from many types of organic materials, such as antler, bone, ivory, fish scales, teeth, shell and wood. The oldest "organic" projectile points are sharpened wooden spears that are thought to have been used as javelins and date to 400,000 years ago.
369 11-30-12 CLOVIS POINT, (Cast) This Clovis point was found several years ago in Utah by Greg Nunn. It's a good example of a western style Clovis point or knife.
368 10-31-12 MAMMOTH BONE BUTCHERING TOOLS, The Lange Ferguson mammoth kill site is one of the best preserved Clovis kill sites. Mammoth bone choppers & flakes are tools that were used to process the meat of two mammoths. Three Clovis points & one flake were also found.
367 10-31-12 SCOTTSBLUFF POINT (Cast), From the Horner site excavations. The Horner site is the representative type site of the Cody Cultural Complex.
366 9-30-12 THE BLACKWATER DRAW CLOVIS TYPE SITE, The Blackwater Draw kill site is famous for being the location where the Clovis culture was discovered in the 1930's. The site also has the oldest water wells in the US that date to the Clovis period. Large numbers of Folsom artifacts have also been found with bison antiquus bones.
365 9-30-12 KANAWHA POINT (Cast), This Kanawha point was found in Montgomery County, Illinois several years ago by Gene Gray.
364 8-31-12 "FANCY" FLINT KNIVES OF THE PREDYNASTIC PERIOD, Early archaeologist Flinders Petrie referred to them as "fancy" flint knives from his excavation of Predynastic tombs. The most skillfully crafted Predynastic knives were made sometime between 4000 B.C. and 3300 B.C.
363 8-31-12 BONE NEEDLE (Cast), This bone needle was found in 1989 during the excavation of the "Buhl Woman" burial. Dates to Paleo-Indian period sometime between 10,500 TO 11,000 years before present. Eye of the needle formed by gouging, rather than drilling.
362 7-31-12 THE LAMB SITE, The Lamb site is a late Clovis period site that may date to 12,700 years ago. Located in western New York, used as a habitation site, a stone tool manufacturing and cache site. A cache of ten large Clovis points and 11 bifaces were found.
361 7-31-12 AZTEC RITUAL KNIFE (Cast), Bifaces like this example have been found in excavations of ceremonial caches in the ancient Aztec city of Tenochtitlan that is now located under the modern day city of Mexico City.
360 6-30-12 FISHTAIL BIFACES, Fishtail bifaces are well known from Predynastic tombs. Two different types are known. They were used in an important ritual known as the "Opening of the Mouth" ceremony. They were in use between 6,000 and 5,000 years ago.
359 6-30-12 MICRO-DRILL (Cast), This micro-drill was discovered on the Cahokia Mounds site within an area of about 3.7 acres on the Kunnemann tract where many thousands have been found. 60,000 drilled shell beads were found in Mound 72 at Cahokia.
358 5-31-12 THE FENN CLOVIS CACHE-ALL 56 ARTIFACTS, One of the best Clovis caches ever found and contains the most skillfully crafted Clovis point ever found. Contains only crescent found in a Clovis cache. Over-shot flaking is common flaking pattern in the collection.
357 5-31-12 CLOVIS BIFACE (Cast), This is the best example of an over-shot flake removal in the Fenn cache. One flake removed nearly 4 inches of an opposite edge. Another smaller over-shot flake can be seen near the tip of the point. Opposite side has over-shot flake that measures 2 inches.
356 4-30-12 END SCRAPERS, WORLDWIDE, End scrapers are mainly a product of core & blade technology. They first appear during the Late Paleolithic period sometime between 35,000 and 40,000 years ago. They have been in continuous use until very recent times.
355 4-30-12 CLOVIS CRESCENT (Cast), This is the only crescent that was found in the Fenn cache of 56 Clovis artifacts. Traces of red ochre was found on its surface. It was made from Green River Formation chert.
354 3-31-12 MARVIN McCORMICK, One of the early modern flintknappers who produced modern points in large numbers. He is most famous for his ability to make and flute Folsom points. In fact, he may have been the first modern knapper to make a Folsom point.
353 3-31-12 FULTON TURKEY TAIL (Cast), An exceptionally well made example of a Fulton Turkey Tail. It's been published in six different publications where its been described as being quintessential (most perfect). It was found by Dean Burke in 1964 in St. Clair Co., Illinois.
352 2-29-12 THE LINDENMEIER FOLSOM SITE, First positive evidence that people were living in North America at a much greater age than previously thought. Dates to sometime between 12,900 and 11,700 years ago (latest readjusted dates).
351 2-29-12 SUWANNEE POINT (Cast), Some researchers have placed Suwannee points in the Early Archaic period while others believe they are older. "Most archaeologists, including this author, place Suwannee points as the post-Clovis, Middle Paleo-Indian type (Dunbar)."
350 1-31-12 TRIANGULAR ARROW POINTS FROM DIFFERENT COUNTRIES, The triangular shape is the most common form of arrow point. Some of the earliest triangular arrow points are found in Japan on Jomon Period sites that date to 9,000 years ago.
349 1-31-12 CLOVIS POINT (Cast), This Clovis point was found several years ago on the Gault site by David Olmstead. It's slightly "fishtailed" and one side was fluted at least three times.
348 12-31-11 COGGED STONES & CACTUS SLICES, Most cogged stones are found in only 2 or 3 counties in Southern California. They may date as early as 7,500 years ago and they may actually be, of all things, effigies of cactus slices. Comparison to Northern Mexico Seri Indian culture suggests a connection to cactus plants.
347 12-31-11 GOSHEN POINT (Cast), This Goshen point was discovered during the excavation of the bison bone bed on the Mill Iron site in Carter County, Montana. It was described as "an exquisite example of highly controlled pressure flaking."
346 11-30-11 LABRETS, Examples from Alaska, Mexico and Peru made of gold, silver, Obsidian, coal, ivory and bone. Labrets are items of adornment that were worn around the mouth. They were in use in six regions around the world. The oldest labrets are found in the Kamchatka Peninsula and in Iran at 10700 and 8400 years ago.
345 11-30-11 FULTON TURKEY TAIL POINT (Cast), This very fine example of a Fulton Turley Tail point was found several years ago in a cultivated field in Clinton County, Illinois.
344 10-31-11 STONE DISC PALETTES, Mississippian culture, they are important artifacts that have been found in the most "elite" burials at Etowah and Moundville. They are found on sites in southeastern United States. Earliest description of them was by Charles Jones in 1873.
343 9-30-11 CLOVIS CHOPPER, The largest of two stone chopper that were found on the Colby mammoth kill site, in north central Wyoming. This chopper was discovered near bone pile number 2.
342 8-31-11 TOM ONKEN'S AXES, Tom has produced some of the best "art axes" and "authentic reproduction" axes that has been made in recent years. His Iowa style slant groove and raised ridge axes are two of his favorites.
341 8-31-11 EARLY STAGE CLOVIS BIFACE (Cast), McKinnis cache, St. Louis County, Missouri. This biface is an excellent example of edge-to-edge flaking. One side has a large "outre passe" (edge-to-edge) flake scar that removed 1 1/2 inches (3.8 cm) of the opposite edge.
340 7-31-11 BARK BEATERS AND BARK CLOTH, Bark beaters are simple and common utilitarian tool forms that were used by people in many countries around the world. They have been in continuous use for over 4,000 years.
339 7-31-11 HOLLAND POINT (Cast), This highly developed Holland point was found many years ago in St. Louis County, Missouri. It has all the characteristics of a Dalton point except for the shoulders. It's made of white Burlington chert and measures 4 3/4 inches long.
338 6-30-11 PROJECTILE POINTS MADE ON BLADES & FLAKES, "Minimal modification" are two words that best describe why so many ancient cultures made their projectile points on blades or flakes. They represent the simplest forms and they reflect an aura of frugality, efficiency and utility. Several examples from sites around the world. A time depth of  up to 120,000 years ago.
337 6-30-11 FOLSOM BEAD (Cast), This tiny bead was discovered during the excavation of the Shifting Sands site in Winkler County, Texas. It was actually found stuck onto a chert flake, otherwise it probably wouldn't have been found at all. Note: If you drop this cast you may never ever find it again.
336 5-31-11 THE TOLU FLUORITE STATUE, The most intricate and realistically carved Mississippian culture fluorite statue discovered to date and the only known statue that was sculpted with a beaded forelock. Discovered in 1954 in a cultivated field in Crittenden Co., Kentucky.
335 5-31-11 LATE STAGE CLOVIS PREFORM (Cast), Found several years ago in the St. Louis by-state area. A large wide flute was removed from one side only. No further attempt was made to further alter the striking platform remnant.
334 4-30-11 HEMISPHERES & LOAFSTONES, Eighteen examples from Illinois and two from Kentucky. They are often referred to as "problematical objects." Some people believe they may be atlatl weights.
333 4-30-11 UNFLUTED FOLSOM OR MIDLAND POINT (Cast), Although broken, this unfluted Folsom or Midland point is an especially nice example. It has fine delicate ears and tiny micro flaking along the edges.
332 3-31-11 LARGE BIFACES FROM CRAIG MOUND, The excavation of Craig Mound produced several different type of large bifaces up to 22 inches long. Many of them were finely crafted.
331 3-31-11 BUCK CREEK POINT (Cast), This Buck Creek point was found in Hardin County, Kentucky. It's a fine example and appears to be the quality-of-manufacture that are usually found in caches.
330 2-28-11 NATIVE AMERICAN INDIAN GOLD ARTIFACTS, Early Smithsonian reports list several finds of gold artifacts that were discovered in mounds in Florida, Georgia and Ohio. Some were made from natural nuggets and some from Spanish shipwreck gold.
329 2-28-11 CLOVIS POINT (cast), This is the first Clovis artifact identified to have ancient adhesive preserved within the hafting area. Lab analysis by Kenneth B. Tankersley revealed the presence of an organic hafting adhesive (amber resin) in the basal striations.
328 1-31-11 THE MITCHELL PREHISTORIC INDIAN VILLAGE SITE, A 1,000 year old Mississippian farming village in southeastern South Dakota. These people were ancestors of the Mandan.
327 1-31-11 CLOVIS POINT (Cast), This Clovis point was found during the excavation of the Lamb site. It is double fluted on one side and it has a large flute on the other. The Lamb site is located in Genesee County, New York.
326 12-31-10 TRIDACNA SHELL ADZES, These unique adzes were made over a period of thousands of years in the Pacific islands & along the coastal regions of southeast Asia. Largest Tridacna shell mollusks grow to over 500 pounds.
325 12-31-10 LARGE FLUTED CLOVIS POINT (Cast), This Clovis point was found during the excavation of the Lamb site. The Lamb site is located in Genesee County, New York.
324 11-30-10 NOTE: The ordering links are now open again. The pole barn is cleaned out and so another project finished. (Picture at right is the Agate House in the Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona. Originally constructed sometime between A.D. 1050 & 1300 by ancient Puebloan people. It was partially reconstructed in the 1930's. Pete Bostrom
323 10-31-10 NOTE: For the last few weeks I've been cleaning out pole barn sheds here---Fifty years of accumulation will take more time to finish. So this is going to take most of November. (Picture at right is a Halloween photo taken on 10-31-10) Pete Bostrom
322 9-30-10 MOUND 72 POINTS, The excavation of Mound 72 produced the most spectacular collection of arrow points ever discovered in the area around the Cahokia Mounds site in southern Illinois. Many of the point types are unique to only Mound 72. Antler point were also found.
321 8-31-10 MACK TUSSINGER'S MAGNIFICENT ECCENTRICS, Pictures & descriptions of several more of these very complex eccentrics. Also one example that appears to have been made from a Clovis point.
320 8-31-10 BONE FISHHOOK (Cast), Cahokia Mounds site, St. Clair Co. Illinois.
319 7-31-10 CRAIG MOUND & ROBERT BELL'S PHOTOGRAPHS, The Spiro Mound excavation of Craig Mound in the 1930's evoked all the emotions of man: profit, treasure, law, anger, religion, science and art.
318 7-31-10 MOUND 72 POINT (Cast), Another example of one the many different types or styles of arrow points that were found in one of three caches in Mound 72 on the Cahokia Mounds site in southern Illinois.
317 6-30-10 "ESCORT TO THE UNDERWORLD," A very complex Mayan eccentric copied from the original by Dan Theus. It illustrates a portion of Mayan mythology that involves the rebirth of the maize god. Crocodile canoe carries spirit of First Father to place of creation to be reborn again as the maize god.
316 6-30-10 FLUTED POINT MADE OF RAMAH CHERT, This fluted point was found several years ago in Franklin County, Vermont. It's made of material that was transported from Labrador at least 1,100 miles away.
315 5-31-10 SANDIA, AMERICA'S PILTDOWN?, Sandia Cave is most famous for its original 17,000 to 20,000 year old carbon dates. But it would seem that almost everything about the site is unreliable.
314 5-31-10 CLOVIS PREFORM, A classic Clovis manufacturing break pattern. Broken during end thinning stage of manufacture. Found in the lower Clovis horizon on the Kimmswick mammoth kill site in Missouri.
313 4-30-10 DINOSAUR FOSSIL "POOP" POINT, Two points made by Dan Theus. One is made from agatized dinosaur coprolite and the other from agatized dinosaur bone.
312 4-30-10 SIDE-NOTCHED POINT (Cast), This point was excavated from Wallace Ruin, Montezuma County, Colorado. It dates to the Pueblo III, Anasazi era between A.D. 1100 and A.D. 1300.
311 3-31-10 THE MAMMOTH IVORY BILLET/BURNISHER FROM BLACKWATER DRAW, This ivory tool was discover on the Clovis type site and it represents one of the rarest forms of Clovis tools.
310 3-31-10 CLOVIS POINT (Cast), One of fourteen large Clovis points discovered during the excavation of the East Wenatchee Clovis site in central Washington. This point measures 8 5/8 inches long.
309 2-28-10 THE HOLLAND CACHE, Fourteen points and one drill. The Holland cache represents the type points from which Holland points are named. They were found in 1966 in a farm field in southeast Iowa.
308 2-28-10 SCOTTSBLUFF POINT (Cast), From the Horner site excavations. The Horner site is the representative type site of the Cody Cultural Complex.
307 12-31-09 THE MOUND CITY AND TREMPER MOUND CACHES OF HOPEWELL EFFIGY PIPES, The caches were discovered in Ohio in 1846 & 1915 and include approximately 336 pipes.
306 12-31-09 MOUND 72 POINT, This is one of the more rare styles excavated from mound 72 on the Cahokia Mounds site, Illinois.
305 11-30-09 ENGRAVED HUMAN BONE RATTLES & GORGET, Two Hopewell rattles from Twin Mounds on the Pinson Mounds site and an engraved gorget from the Florence Mound in Ohio.
304 11-30-09 LATE STAGE CLOVIS BIFACE (Cast), McKinnis cache, St. Louis County, Missouri. A late stage Clovis biface from the McKinnis cache showing edge-to-edge flaking and end thinning.
303 10-31-09 THE CACTUS HILL SITE, A pre-Clovis site in Sussex County in eastern Virginia. A pre-Clovis level is reported to have been discovered a Clovis level. Two "early triangular" points are reported.
302 10-31-09 EARLY STAGE CLOVIS BIFACE (Cast), McKinnis cache, St. Louis County, Missouri. This biface is an excellent example of edge-to-edge Clovis technique of flaking.
301 9-30-09 END-SCRAPERS MADE FROM BROKEN PROJECTILE POINTS, The have been called bunts, blunts, stunners and even end-scrapers.
300 9-30-09 MESA SITE POINT (Cast), One of the best projectile point examples from the Mesa site, northern Alaska in the Arctic Circle.
299 8-31-09 THE LITHIC ARTISTS GUILD, Pictures of modern lithic art and a description of the history of the Guild and the "Modern Lithic Artists Journal." See Steve Allely's San Andreas Fault points!
298 8-31-09 GOSHEN POINT (Cast), This Goshen point was discovered during the excavation of the Mill Iron site in Carter County, Montana.
297 7-31-09 THE MILL IRON SITE AND GOSHEN POINTS, The Mill Iron Goshen complex site is a camp meat processing site and a bone bed. Goshen points are believed to date sometime between Clovis and Folsom.
296 7-31-09 GOSHEN POINT (Cast), This Goshen point was discovered during the excavation of the bone bed on the Mill Iron site in Carter County, Montana.
295 6-30-09 CATLINITE PIPES AND THE PIPESTONE QUARRY, The earliest catlinite pipes were made during the Early and Middle Woodland Period. The Late Mississippian & Historic Periods produced most catlinite pipes.
294 6-30-09 CLOVIS POINT (Cast), This is the largest complete Clovis point found on the Colby mammoth kill site in north central Wyoming. This point was found by the discoverer of the site.
293 5-31-09 BIRDSTONES, Fantails, popeyes, short body and bust type birdstones from sites east of the Mississippi River. Birdstones date from the Late Archaic to the Early Woodland periods.
292 5-31-09 STEMMED ARROW POINT (Cast), Neolithic point found on the Swiss Lake Dweller site of Auvernier on Lake Neuchatel in western Switzerland.
291 4-30-09 SWISS LAKE DWELLER SITES, These Neolithic and Bronze Age sites are known for their extraordinary preservation of organic materials. Especially stone tools that still retain their handles and hafting elements.
290 4-30-09 A SMALL CARVED BIFACE FROM NORTHERN PERU (Cast), This small bifacially flaked and carved human biface was collected in northwestern Peru. It's believed to belong to the Chimu culture.
289 3-31-09 FISHHOOKS OF NORTH AMERICA & AROUND THE WORLD, Pictures of fishhooks made of deer antler & bone, turkey bone, human bone, shell, stone, wood and bronze. Stages of manufacture, etc.
288 3-31-09 EDEN POINT (Cast), An excellent example of an Eden point from the Finley site, the Eden type site.
287 2-28-09 PIERCED STAFFS, Pierced staff is a general term for antler, bone and ivory arrow and spear straighteners from the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe and Eskimo & the Murray Springs bone "wrench."
286 2-28-09 BONE FISHHOOK (Cast), This Mississippian culture bone fishhook was found during the excavation of the stockade wall on the Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site.
285 1-31-09 THE SNYDERS SITE, A Middle Woodland Hopewell site in Calhoun County, Illinois. The first excavations there by Walter Wadlow in 1940. One of the most skillfully flaked artifacts, a Ross point, found there.
284 1-31-09 CLOVIS POINT (Cast), This Clovis point was found in 1868 in union County, Illinois. It's made of sugar Quartz that may be Hixton from Wisconsin.
283 12-31-08 WALRUS IVORY HARPOON IMBEDDED IN A BOWHEAD WHALEBONE, An ancient ivory harpoon was found deeply imbedded in a bone from a bowhead whale's flipper. Bering Sea.
282 12-31-08 CLOVIS POINT (Cast), This Clovis point was found a short distance away from a mammoth rib during the 1975 excavation of the Colby mammoth kill site in north central Wyoming.
281 11-30-08 NOTE: The lab is in much better shape now & more organized. (The image at right is a picture of my cat. 2008) Pete Bostrom
280 10-31-08 NOTE: I will try to resume the sale of casts around the middle of November. (Picture at right shows myself looking at several Bigfoot casts that are copies of originals that were made by Anthropologist Grover Krantz, PhD., 1992) Pete Bostrom
279 9-30-08 NOTE: I'm still reorganizing the lab---painting, rebuilding tables, remodeling new space, etc. This will probably take most of October. (Picture at right shows myself backpacking in the high mountains of British Columbia in 1966) Pete Bostrom
278 8-31-08 POINTS & TOOLS PRODUCED FROM ONE 14LB BURLINGTON CHERT NODULE, An experimental archaeology project by Larry Kinsella for the Missouri Archaeology Month poster.
277 8-31-08 EDEN POINT (Cast), Found on the Eden type site on the Finley site near Eden Wyoming. Finley is a bison kill site and this point as a small impact fracture on the point.
276 7-31-08 GRAVERS, Single and multi-spurred gravers from six different Clovis and Early Early Archaic sites are illustrated and described.
275 7-31-08 MOUND 72 POINT, (Cast), An example of one of 107 similar points found together in a cache in Mound 72 on the Cahokia Mounds site, in Madison and St. Clair Counties, Illinois.
274 6-30-08 HAFTED UNGROOVED AXES, Examples of hafted axes from Europe, Arian Jaya and North America.
273 6-30-08 STEMMED POINT, (Cast), Bronze Age point from northern Afghanistan.
272 5-31-08 ACHEULEAN HANDAXES, Examples of handaxes from four different countries, spanning a range of time from 600,000 to 100,000 years. Kalambo Falls, Zambia, St. Acheul & Abbeville, France, etc.
271 5-31-08 KIMBERLY POINT, (Cast), Cast of a Kimberly point from northwestern Australia, made of gray quartzite.
270 4-30-08 THE FRANKE PIPE, The Franke pipe is a Cahokia style bird effigy pipe that might relate to the falcon warrior or falcon impersonator iconography within the Mississippian culture.
269 4-30-08 LATE STAGE CUMBERLAND POINT PREFORM, (Cast), One of the best examples of a late stage Cumberland point preform. One side is fluted. Fluting caused it to break. Found in Dickson Co., Tennessee.

268 3-31-08 A SMALL NEGATIVE PAINTED CUP, Found on or near the Cahokia Mounds site. The only complete negative painted ceramic vessel reported from the area. Edge of the cup measures less than 1 mm thick.

267 3-31-08 DIHEDRAL BURIN, (Cast), This Upper Paleolithic Aurignacian Period  Dihedral Burin was found on the Termo-Pialat site in southern France.

266 2-29-08 DALTON TOOLS, Olive Branch site, Alexander County, Illinois. Examples of end-scrapers, side-scrapers, denticulates, gravers, awls, drills, abraders, anvil stones and hammer stones.

265 2-29-08 HOLLAND POINT, (Cast), Cooper County, Missouri. Well done diagonal oblique pressure flaking.

264 1-31-08 DUCK RIVER CACHE, Humphreys County Tennessee. Forty-six "ceremonial" bifaces discovered by farm laborers in 1894 in a cultivated field. One "sword" measures 28 inches (71.1 cm) long.

263 1-31-08 CUMBERLAND POINT, (Cast), Found near Glasgow, Kentucky.

262 12-31-07 SOLUTREAN LAUREL LEAF POINTS, Plus other examples of Solutrean tools from the Upper Paleolithic Period, 21,000 to 18,000 years ago in southwestern France.

261 12-31-07 EASTERN STYLE "THIN" LONG FLUTED POINT, (Cast), This fluted point was found several years ago in Otsego County, New York by Howard Arndt. Good example of thin long fluted point from eastern U.S.

260 11-30-2007 PERFORATED PEBBLE PENDANTS, Several examples of some of the earliest jewelry from Illinois. One example is from the Olive Branch Dalton site.

259 11-30-2007 HOHOKAM POINT, (Cast), Obsidian Hohokam point from south central Arizona in the Phoenix basin area.
258 10-31-2007 CUMBERLAND POINTS, Several examples from Alabama, Kentucky, Tennessee, Illinois and one from the Dutchess Quarry Cave #1 site are shown and described.
257 10-31-2007 CLOVIS POINT, SHAWNEE-MINISINK SITE, (Cast), One of two Clovis points found on a second terrace above the Delaware River in northeastern Pennsylvania.
256 9-30-2007 STATUES MADE OF FLUORITE CRYSTAL, Four Mississippian figures are discussed and illustrated, the Anna, Angel site, Cahokia and the Johnston figures, plus an owl effigy bead.
255 9-30-2007 HOLLOW BASE POINT, (Cast), A fine example of a Hollow Base point from Predynastic Egypt.
254 8-31-2007 SLUMP REPAIR ON MONKS MOUND, A large excavation on the eastern slope of the largest earthen mound in the western hemisphere to repair an erosion slump.
253 8-31-2007 SCOTTSBLUFF POINT, (Cast), This Scottsbluff point was found in the 1930's or 40's on the Finley bison kill site in Sweetwater County, Wyoming.
252 8-31-2007 DALTON POINT CACHE, These 13 Dalton points are reported to have been found in Scott County, Missouri.
251 7-31-2007 PLUMMETS, These tear-drop shaped objects have been found in large numbers in California, Florida and the central Mississippi Valley. Were apparently used as ritual items & food gathering tools.
250 7-31-2007 FOLSOM POINT, (Cast),  This Folsom point was found in 1977 in Barry County, Missouri.
249 6-30-2007 JAMES HOWELL'S GLASS POINTS, He uses many different types and colors of glass that is melted together in a kiln then flaked into colorful points.
248 6-30-2007 FOLSOM POINT, (Cast), This Folsom point was found in northern Indiana and is made of Attica chert.
247 5-31-2007 GORGETS, Seven examples of two hole slate and cannel coal gorgets from Kentucky, Missouri & Ohio. Largest example is approximately eleven inches long.
246 5-31-2007 HOLLAND POINT (Cast), This point was found in Barry County, Missouri. Holland points represent one of the many different forms of Dalton points.
245 4-30-2007 SHAMAN'S SUCKING TUBES, From a cache of twelve from the Coal Draw site in Wyoming & a Glacial Kame canal coal tube pipe from northern Indiana.
244 4-30-2007 ST. CHARLES "DOVETAIL POINT (Cast), This point is made of Hixton silicified sandstone and was found in Jo Daviess County, Illinois.
243 3-31-2007 ROY MILLER'S LITHIC ART & THE FLINT RIDGE QUARRY, Pictures of some of the most colorful Flint Ridge flint and pit excavations at Flint Ridge in eastern Ohio.
242 3-31-2007 HOHOKAM POINT (Cast), A "classic" example of a Hohokam arrow point from south central, Arizona.
241 2-28-2007 POLISHED CHERT LIZARD EFFIGIES, These mysterious objects have been found in southern Illinois & eastern Missouri
240 2-28-2007 LATE STAGE FOLSOM PREFORM (Cast), This large Folsom preform was found in two pieces on a lake shore 4 years apart. ND
239 1-31-2007 FLINTKNAPPER DAN THEUS, He has made some of the largest fully fluted Cumberland points, up to 9 3/4 inches long.
238 1-31-2007 VERY THIN STEMMED ARROW POINT, (Cast)exceptional for it's thin cross section, less than 1/16 inch (1.3 mm), eastern Saudi Arabia
237 12-31-2006 PLAINS INDIAN STONE HEADED WAR CLUBS, Double pointed, long handled, stone war clubs, with leather hafting.
236 12-31-2006 AGATE BASIN POINT (Cast), Heavily resharpened example, from St. Clair County, Illinois.
235 11-30-2006 JIM HOPPER'S FLAKE-OVER-GRINDING POINTS.
234 11-30-2006 LARGE END-SIDE SCRAPER (Cast), East Wenatchee Clovis site, Douglas Co., Washington. Largest uniface tool found on site.

233 10-31-2006 CAHOKIA "GEM POINTS," As told by "old time" collectors, Illinois.

232 10-31-2006 CUMBERLAND POINT (Cast), Trinity Cumberland cache site, KY.
231 9-30-2006 CLOVIS POINT (Cast), Illustrates the Enterline method of fluting, ILL.
230 9-30-2006 HAMMERSTONES, History of hammerstones, Olduvai to present.
229 8-31-2006 BARNES POINT-THEDFORD II SITE (Cast), Lambton Co Ontario  
228 8-31-2006 MARINE SHELL MASK GORGETS, Arkansas and Illinois.       
227 7-31-2006 TRINITY CUMBERLAND POINTS CACHE, Lewis Co., Kentucky.
226 7-31-2006 BONE FISHHOOK (Cast), Cahokia Mounds site, St. Clair Co. Illinois.  
225 6-30-2006 SICKLE BLADE (Cast), Egypt, Gerzean Period.                      
224 6-30-2006 CAPTAIN JEFF GOWER FLINTNAPPING IN IRAQ.         
223 5-31-2006 SHORT NOSE BONE GOD MASK (replaced with) DOUBLE-NOTCHED CAHOKIA "GEM" POINT (Cast), Known as "The Perry Parker" point. Cahokia Mounds Site.  
222 5-31-2006 CLOVIS IN THE NORTHEAST, Windy City site, by Michael Gramly      
221 4-30-2006 SIMPSON POINT (Cast), Harney Flats site, Hillsborough Co., Florida.     
220 4-30-2006 TANGED ATERIAN POINTS, 40,000 year old dart points, North Africa    
219 3-31-2006 TRIBUTE POINT, (Cast) One of the most artistic arrow points, Spiro.   
218 3-31-2006 RAMEY KNIVES, Large Mississippian period Cahokia culture knives.   
217 2-28-2006 GEORGE EKLUND'S NODULAR ART FORMS, Modern art.     
216 2-28-2006 TYPE V DANISH DAGGER, (Cast) Northern Europe, Late Neolithic   
215 1-31-2006 MINIATURE & TOY STONE ARTIFACTS, Eskimo, Archaic, Miss.   
214 1-31-2006 FLUTED FOLSOM POINT PREFORM, (Cast) Lake Ilo site, ND    
213 12-31-2005 STONE SPUDS, Also known as spatulates, ritual axes, ceremonial axes   
212 12-31-2005 DEBERT-CLOVIS POINT, Oxford Co., Maine, Deep concave base.  
211 11-30-2005 CLOVIS POINT, Found 1975, Fairfax Circle, VA, Green Normanskill chert    
210 11-30-2005 SIMPLE CUMBERLAND FLUTING TECHNIQUE "Swoose"    
209 10-31-2005 ETLEY POINTS, The longest notched point type in Illinois & Missouri.   
208 10-31-2005 UN-FLUTED FOLSOM PREFORM, (Cast) Lake Ilo site, ND  
207 9-30-2005 GOD MASKS Legend of He-Who-Wears-Human-Heads-As-Earrings  
206 9-30-2005 LATE-STAGE CLOVIS PREFORM (Cast) Thunderbird site, VA    
205 8-31-2005 CUMBERLAND GRAVER SIDE-SCRAPER (Cast) Phil Stratton  
204 8-31-2005 PHIL STRATTON CUMBERLAND SITE, encapsulated in loess KY.  
203 8-31-2005 CACHE OF UNNOTCHED GODAR POINTS, cache of 14, MO  
202 8-31-2005 WOODY BLACKWELL BIFACE (Cast), A teaching biface.   
201 7-31-2005 CLOVIS POINT (Cast), Lange-Ferguson mammoth kill site, SD.      
200 7-31-2005 FRANKE COLLECTION AUCTIONED, Southern IL collection.   
199 6-30-2005 FLUTED DALTON PREFORMS, Early & late stage, Olive Branch site  
198 6-30-2005 FLUTED DALTON PREFORM (Cast), Manufacturing break, MO.    
197 5-31-2005 PAINTED MARBLE STATUES, Etowah Mounds site, Georgia.   
196 5-31-2005 MIDLAND SITE BONE NEEDLE (Cast), Winkler Co., TX, 11,000 BP  
195 4-30-2005 COLLECTORS CABINETS, Pictures of old time collector displays.  
194 4-30-2005 ENGRAVED "WHEATSTONE" (Cast), Clovis, Gault site, Texas.  
193 3-31-2005 "A SHORT HISTORY OF FLINTKNAPPING," 3 million years     
192 3-31-2005 HEAVILY RESHARPENED CLOVIS (Cast), Hoyt site, Oregon.       
191 2-28-2005 CLOVIS SPURRED END-SCRAPER, (Cast), Bostrom site, IL.    
190 2-28-2005 "BIG BOY" PIPE FROM SPIRO MOUNDS, Mississippian culture.  
189 1-31-2005 "TWISTED" MODERN POINTS, 1 pressure & 1 percussion flaked.     
188 1-31-2005 CACHE VARIETY THEBES POINTS, 5 Large examples Illinois & IA  
187 1-31-2005 CLOVIS GRAVER, (Cast), Bostrom site, St. Clair County, Illinois.      
186 12-31-2004 NEW CLOVIS CACHE, McKINNIS CACHE, St. Louis, Co., MO.   
185 12-31-2004 CLOVIS CORE BLADE PERFORATOR, (Cast), Bostrom site    
184 11-30-2004 "DEATH'S HEAD VASES" Late Mississippian Culture, AR-MO.  
183 11-30-2004 BARBED ANTLER ARROW PT (Cast), Etowah Mounds, md C  
182 10-31-2004 Quartz Crystal Clovis point, One of three from Fenn cache.

CONTINUE ON TO PAGE 2
FOR ARTICLES 132-156

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